Robert L. Helmreich, Ashleigh C. Merritt, & John A. Wilhelm (1999)
The International Journal of Aviation Psychology, 9(1), 19-32.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327108ijap0901_2
Abstract. Helmreich, Merritt, and Wilhelm's foundational five-generation history of CRM training in commercial aviation — from charm- school 1980s through threat-and-error management. The reference cited in healthcare-CRM adoption discussions and the canonical "where CRM came from" reference.
Tags: aviation crm foundational history