John W. Tukey (1977)
Addison-Wesley.
Abstract. Tukey's manifesto for looking at data before testing it: stem-and-leaf plots, box plots, five-number summaries, smoothing, and the explicit separation of exploratory (descriptive, hypothesis-generating) from confirmatory (hypothesis-testing) analysis. Influential well beyond statistics; foundational for designers reading usability data.
Tags: statistics eda foundational