References

Wicked problems in design thinking

Richard Buchanan (1992)

Design Issues, 8(2), 5-21.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1511637

Abstract. Applies Rittel and Webber's notion of "wicked problems" — problems that are formulated only in the act of solving them, have no stopping rule, and have no objectively correct solution — to design practice. Influential for understanding why usability work resists fully automated answers.

Tags: design-theory science-of-design

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